A. 八种英语时态用英文表示
英语中有16种时态
1.一般现在时 the present tense
2.一般过去时 the past tense
3.一般将来时 the future tense
4.一般过去将来时 the past future tense
5.现在进行时 the present continuous tense
6.过去进行时 the past Continuous Tense
7.将来进行时 the future continuous tense
8.过去将来进行时 the past future continuous tense
9.现在完成时 the Present Perfect Tense
10.过去完成时 the Past Perfect Tense
11.将来完成时 the future perfect tense
12.过去将来完成时 the past future perfect tense
13.现在完成进行时 the present perfect continuous tense
14.过去完成进行时 the past perfect continuous tense
15.将来完成进行时 the future perfect continuous tense
16.过去将来完成进行时 the past future perfect continuous tense
B. 英语所有时态的写法
一、一般时态
1、一般现在时
(1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态,常和副词 usually,often,always sometimes, regularly,near,occasionally,every year, every week 等连用。例如:
1)The moon moves round the earth..
2)Mr. Smith travels to work by bus every day.
(2)在由after,until,before,once,when,even if,in case,as long as,as soon as,the moment 以及 if,unless 等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:
1)I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.
2)I will not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.
(3)某些表示起始的动词,可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,这类动词有:be,go,come,start,depart,arrive,begin,leave 等。例如:
1)The plane leaves at three sharp.
2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow.
(4)在由why,what,where,whoever,who,that,as 等引导的从句中,也常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:
1)Free tickets will be given to whoever comes first.
2)You’ll probably be in the same train as I am tomorrow.
2.一般过去时
(1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态,常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如:
We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.
(2)表示过去习惯性动作。例如:
1)He always went to class last.
2)I used to do my homework in the library.
(注意与be used to doing短语的区别)
3.一般将来时
1)表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如:
I shall graate next year.
2)几种替代形式:
1)be going to +v在口语中广泛使用,表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如:
I’m going to buy a house when we’ve saved enough money.
2)be to +v表示计划安排要做的事,具有“必要”的强制性意义。例如:
I am to play tennis this afternoon.
3)be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如:
He was about to start.
4)be e to +v表示预先确定了的事, 必定发生的事。例如:
The train is e to depart in ten minutes.
5)be on the point/verge of +v – ing 强调即将发生的某种事态。例如:
The baby was on the point of crying when her mother finally came home.
二、进行时态
1.现在进行时
(1)表示现在正在进行的动作,常与now,right now,at the mother,for the time being,for the present等连用。例如:
Don’t disturb her. She is reading a newspaper now.
(2)表示现阶段经常发生的动作, 常与always,continually,forever,constantly等连用。例如:
My father is forever criticizing me.
(3)表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词。即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。常用的有:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return等。例如:
They are leaving for Hong Kong next month.
(4)有些动词不能用进行时,这是一类表示“感觉,感情,存在,从属”等的动词。如:see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,look,appear,(表示感觉的词);hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse,forgive(表示感情的动词);be,exist,remain,stay,obtain(表示存在状态的动词);have,possess,own,contain,belong,consist of,form(表示占有与从属的动词);understand,know,believe,think,doubt,forget,remember(表示思考理解的动词)。但是如果它们词义改变,便也可用进行时态。例如:
1)Tom looks pale. What’s wrong with him?
(look 在此为联系动词,意为“显得,看上去”)
2)Tom is looking for his books.
(look 在此为实义动词,意为“寻找”)
2. 过去进行时
过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后,另一个过去的动作正在进行,或表示过去反复的习惯,常与always,continually,constantly等动词连用。例如:
1)We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.
2)Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.
3. 将来进行时
将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时刻开始,并继续下去的动作。常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。例如:
1)This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.
2)What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening?
4. 完成进行时
(现在、过去、将来)完成进行时是(现在、过去、将来)完成时的强调形式,将放在完成时态部分讲述。
三、完成时态
完成时态通常表示已完成或从事的动作。它可分为:
1. 现在完成时
(1)现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作(常与yet,already,just连用),或者过去某一时刻发生的,持续到现在的情况(常与for,since连用)。例如:
1)I have just finished my homework.
2)Mary has been ill for three days.
(2)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:since, for, ring, over等引导出的短语;副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等;状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。例如:
1)I haven’t been there for five years.
2)So far, she hasn’t enjoyed the summer vacation.
3)There have been a lot of changes since 1978.
(3)完成时态可用在下列结构中:
This (That, It) is (was) the first (second…) time +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) +形容词最高级+ n +定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时;如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例如:
(1)This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.
(2)There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.
2. 过去完成时
(1)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况,这个过去的时间可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示;或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如:
1)We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.
2)By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.
(2)动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时,表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。例如:
I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasn’t able to get away.
另外两种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是:
1)was / were + to have done sth, 例如:
We were to have come yesterday, but we couldn’t.
2)intended (expected, hope, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired) + to have done sth, 例如:
I meant to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.
(3)过去完成时常用于以下固定句型:
1)hardly, scarcely, barely + 过去完成时+ when + 过去时。例如:
Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.
2)no sooner +过去完成时+ than +过去时。例如:
No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.
3)by (the end of ) +过去时间,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如:
The experiment had been finished by 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
3. 将来完成时
将来完成时表示在将来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作;也可以用来表示一种猜测。常与将来完成时连用的时间状语有:by (the time / the end of ) + 表示将来时间的短语和句子;before (the end of ) + 表示将来时间的词语或句子;when, after等加上表示将来动作的句子等。例如:
1)By this time tomorrow you will have arrived in Shanghai.
2)I shall have finished this composition before 9 o’clock.
3)When we get on the railway station, the train will probably have left.
4. 完成进行时
完成进行时是完成时的强调形式,有现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时。
(1)现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如:
I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still haven’t found it.
(2)过去完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如:
It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpour had caused landslides in many places.
(3)将来完成进行时表示在将来某一时刻之前开始的一个动作或状态一直延续到将来某一时刻。例如:
By the time you arrive tonight, she will have been typing for hours
C. 有哪几种英语时态表示方法
初中英语八种时态归纳复习 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态问题倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。 一、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,every week(day,year,month...),once a week,on Sundays,etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:① am /is /are +not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词 do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时: 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month...),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:① was/were +not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①was或were放在句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时: 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc. 基本结构:am/is/are +doing 否定形式:am/is/are +not+doing 一般疑问句:把be动词放在句首 四、过去进行时: 概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 基本结构:was/were +doing 否定形式:was/were +not+doing 一般疑问句:把was或were放在句首 五、现在完成时: 概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 时间状语:recently,lately,since...,for...,in the past few years,etc. 基本结构:have/has +done 否定形式:have/has +not+done 一般疑问句:have/has放于句首 六、过去完成时: 概念:以过去某一时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。 时间状语:before,by the end of last year(term,month...),etc. 基本结构:had +done 否定形式:had +not+done 一般疑问句:had放于句首 七、一般将来时: 概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year....),soon,in a few minutes,by...,the day after tomorrow,etc. 基本结构:①am/is/are/going to +do;②will/shall+do 否定形式:①am/is/are +not+going to +do;② will/shall+not+do 一般疑问句:①be放于句首;② will/shall提到句首 八、过去将来时: 概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。 时间状语:the next day(morning,year...),the following month(week...),etc. 基本结构:①was/were/going to +do;② would/should +do 否定形式:①was/were/not+going to +do;②would/should +not+do 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should提到句首 英语中的时态 谓语动词变化 一般现在时 单三+s/es 其他无变化 一般过去时 动词词尾+ed 一般将来时 shall/ will/ be going to + 动词 一般过去将来时 sb said + would + 动词 现在进行时 are/ am / is + v-ing 过去进行时 was/ were + v-ing 现在完成时 have/ has+ 过去分词 过去完成时 had+ 过去分词
D. 英语十六种时态的表达方法
1一般现在时
2.一般过去时
3.一般将来时
4.一般过去将来时
5.现在进行时
6.过去进行时
7.将来进行时
8.过去将来进行时
9.现在完成时
10.过去完成时
11.将来完成时
12.过去将来完成时
13.现在完成进行时
14.过去完成进行时
15.将来完成进行时
16.过去将来完成进行时
但常用的只有以下8种。
1.一般现在时
do
2.一般过去时
did
3.一般将来时
will
do
;
is/am/are
going
to
do
;
is/am/are
doing
;
is/am/are
to
do
4.一般过去将来时
would
do
;
was/were
going
to
do
;
was/were
doing
;
was/were
to
do
5.现在进行时
is/am/are
doing
6.过去进行时
was/were
doing
7.现在完成时
has
done(p.p)
8.过去完成时
had
done(p.p)
参考答案:
http://..com/question/31880562.html
E. 英语16种时态表达方式
一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 过去完全时 现在完全时 过去将来时
F. 英语时态有哪些,以及构成方法。。。
English Grammar:动词的时态
英语共有16种时态,时态测试重点主要有:完成时态——现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时;进行时态——现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、完成进行时;一般时态。
一、一般时态
1、一般现在时
(1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态,常和副词 usually,often,always sometimes, regularly,near,occasionally,every year, every week 等连谩@�纾?
1)The moon moves round the earth..
2)Mr. Smith travels to work by bus every day.
(2)在由after,until,before,once,when,even if,in case,as long as,as soon as,the moment 以及 if,unless 等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:
1)I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.
2)I will not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.
(3)某些表示起始的动词,可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,这类动词有:be,go,come,start,depart,arrive,begin,leave 等。例如:
1)The plane leaves at three sharp.
2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow.
(4)在由why,what,where,whoever,who,that,as 等引导的从句中,也常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:
1)Free tickets will be given to whoever comes first.
2)You’ll probably be in the same train as I am tomorrow.
2.一般过去时
(1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态,常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如:
We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.
(2)表示过去习惯性动作。例如:
1)He always went to class last.
2)I used to do my homework in the library.
(注意与be used to doing短语的区别)
3.一般将来时
1)表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如:
I shall graate next year.
2)几种替代形式:
1)be going to +v在口语中广泛使用,表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如:
I’m going to buy a house when we’ve saved enough money.
2)be to +v表示计划安排要做的事,具有“必要”的强制性意义。例如:
I am to play tennis this afternoon.
3)be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如:
He was about to start.
4)be e to +v表示预先确定了的事, 必定发生的事。例如:
The train is e to depart in ten minutes.
5)be on the point/verge of +v – ing 强调即将发生的某种事态。例如:
The baby was on the point of crying when her mother finally came home.
二、进行时态
1.现在进行时
(1)表示现在正在进行的动作,常与now,right now,at the mother,for the time being,for the present等连用。例如:
Don’t disturb her. She is reading a newspaper now.
(2)表示现阶段经常发生的动作, 常与always,continually,forever,constantly等连用。例如:
My father is forever criticizing me.
(3)表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词。即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。常用的有:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return等。例如:
They are leaving for Hong Kong next month.
(4)有些动词不能用进行时,这是一类表示“感觉,感情,存在,从属”等的动词。如:see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,look,appear,(表示感觉的词);hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse,forgive(表示感情的动词);be,exist,remain,stay,obtain(表示存在状态的动词);have,possess,own,contain,belong,consist of,form(表示占有与从属的动词);understand,know,believe,think,doubt,forget,remember(表示思考理解的动词)。但是如果它们词义改变,便也可用进行时态。例如:
1)Tom looks pale. What’s wrong with him?
(look 在此为联系动词,意为“显得,看上去”)
2)Tom is looking for his books.
(look 在此为实义动词,意为“寻找”)
2. 过去进行时
过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后,另一个过去的动作正在进行,或表示过去反复的习惯,常与always,continually,constantly等动词连用。例如:
1)We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.
2)Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.
3. 将来进行时
将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时刻开始,并继续下去的动作。常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。例如:
1)This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.
2)What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening?
4. 完成进行时
(现在、过去、将来)完成进行时是(现在、过去、将来)完成时的强调形式,将放在完成时态部分讲述。
三、完成时态
完成时态通常表示已完成或从事的动作。它可分为:
1. 现在完成时
(1)现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作(常与yet,already,just连用),或者过去某一时刻发生的,持续到现在的情况(常与for,since连用)。例如:
1)I have just finished my homework.
2)Mary has been ill for three days.
(2)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:since, for, ring, over等引导出的短语;副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等;状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。例如:
1)I haven’t been there for five years.
2)So far, she hasn’t enjoyed the summer vacation.
3)There have been a lot of changes since 1978.
(3)完成时态可用在下列结构中:
This (That, It) is (was) the first (second…) time +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) +形容词最高级+ n +定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时;如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例如:
(1)This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.
(2)There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.
2. 过去完成时
(1)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况,这个过去的时间可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示;或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如:
1)We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.
2)By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.
(2)动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时,表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。例如:
I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasn’t able to get away.
另外两种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是:
1)was / were + to have done sth, 例如:
We were to have come yesterday, but we couldn’t.
2)intended (expected, hope, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired) + to have done sth, 例如:
I meant to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.
(3)过去完成时常用于以下固定句型:
1)hardly, scarcely, barely + 过去完成时+ when + 过去时。例如:
Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.
2)no sooner +过去完成时+ than +过去时。例如:
No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.
3)by (the end of ) +过去时间,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如:
The experiment had been finished by 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
3. 将来完成时
将来完成时表示在将来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作;也可以用来表示一种猜测。常与将来完成时连用的时间状语有:by (the time / the end of ) + 表示将来时间的短语和句子;before (the end of ) + 表示将来时间的词语或句子;when, after等加上表示将来动作的句子等。例如:
1)By this time tomorrow you will have arrived in Shanghai.
2)I shall have finished this composition before 9 o’clock.
3)When we get on the railway station, the train will probably have left.
4. 完成进行时
完成进行时是完成时的强调形式,有现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时。
(1)现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如:
I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still haven’t found it.
(2)过去完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如:
It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpour had caused landslides in many places.
(3)将来完成进行时表示在将来某一时刻之前开始的一个动作或状态一直延续到将来某一时刻。例如:
By the time you arrive tonight, she will have been typing for hours.
四:时态一致
时态一致是英语四、六级考试的一个重要内容。通常应由主句谓语的时态决定从句的谓语时态。一般原则是:
1、当主句谓语使用现在时或将来时,从句的谓语根据具体情况使用任何时态
He says that he lives in Wuhan.
We hope that there will be many people at your party today.
“Did you hear that Bill finally sold the house?” “Yes, but I don’t know who bought it.”
“There’s a lot of excitement on the street.”
“There certainly is. Do you suppose the astronauts have returned?”
2、当主句谓语使用过去时的时候,从句的谓语必须使用过去范围的时态
He said he was writing a novel.
The teacher wanted to know when we would finish the experiment.
He said his father had been an engineer.
3、当从句是表示没有时间概念的真理时,从句的谓语应使用一般现在时。例如:
The teacher told them since light travels faster than sound, lightning appears to go before thunder.
注:在此种情况下,即使主句谓语用了过去式的各种时态,从句谓语也应用一般现在时。
4、从句谓语只能用虚拟语气的情况
利用时态一致原则确定从句动词时态时,还应注意,若主语动词是表示命令、请求、要求、建议、劝告等的动词,从句谓语只能用虚拟语气,不能遵循时态一致原则。例如:
We insisted that we do it ourselves.
动词的语态
语态也是动词的一种形式,英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
1)We use electricity to run machines. (主动语态)
2)Electricity is used to run machines. (被动语态)
1. 不能用于被动语态的动词和短语
(1)在英语中,不及物动词不能用于被动语态,但有些不及物动词(包括短语)容易引起误用。如:appear, belong, belong, die, escape, fall, happen, last, remain, succeed, occur, come true, take place, consist of。
(2)某些表示状态或特征的及物动词,如:become, contain, cost, fit, have, resemble, suit也没有被动语态。
2. 被动语态的时态形式
常用的被动语态有表1 所列的几种时态形式。
表1
时间 一般时 进行时 完成时
现在 am asked am being asked
is asked is being asked
are asked are being asked
过去
was be asked was being asked
were be asked were being asked
将来 shall be asked shall have been asked
will be asked will have been asked
过去 should be asked should have been asked
将来 would be asked would have been asked
3. 短语动词的被动语态
短语动词转换为被动语态时,通常被看作是一个动词,后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。例如:
1)So far no correct conclusion has arrived at.
2)All the rubbish should be got rid of.
4.“get + -ed分词”的被动语态
“get + -ed分词”结构强调动作的结果,而非动作本身,常用来表示突发性的,出乎意料的偶然事件。例如:
The boy got hurt on his way home from work.
另外,“get + -ed分词”还可用于谈论为自己做的事,是主动的行为而不是被动的行为。例如:
get dressed(穿衣服) get divorced(离婚)
get engaged(订婚) get confused(迷惑不解)
get lost(迷路) get washed(洗脸)
get married(结婚)
5. 能带两个宾语和复合宾语的动词改为被动语态
(1) 能带两个宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一次只能由一个宾语作主语,另一个宾语被保留下来。例如:
1)We showed the visitors our new procts.(主动语态)
2)The visitors were shown our new procts.(被动语态)
3)Our new procts were shown to the visitors.(被动语态)
(2)能带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。例如:
1)The teacher appointed him League secretary.(主动语态)
2)He was appointed League secretary.(被动语态)
6. 被动语态与系表结构的区别
(1)The novel was well written.(系表结构)
(2)The novel was written by Diskens.(被动语态)
7. 少数动词的主动语态有时有被动的意思
例1:The book is selling remarkably well.
例2:The song sounds very beautiful.
能这样用的动词还有read(读起来),clean(擦起来),wash(洗起来),write(写起来)。
例3:My watch needs cleaning. (= My watch needs to be cleaned).
能像need这样用的动词还有:want, require, deserve, do, owe, bind等。
例4:The meat is cooking.
例 5:The book written by the professor is printing.
G. 英语16种时态有哪些
英语的16种时态:
一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,一般过去将来时;
现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去将来进行时;
现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,过去将来完成时;
现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时,过去将来完成进行时。
1.一般现在时
英语中的入门级时态,动词用一般现在时,常见于描述习惯性动作或状态,搭配的时间和频率副词一般是:every day,every morning/afternoon/evening ,always,often,usually,sometimes等,也就是最最简单的描述性句型!
需要注意的是,主语是第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词要发生相应的变化,一般是加s,也有加ed,改y为i加es,双写尾字母加s,特殊变化如have——has。
2.一般过去时
当我们学到一般过去时时,还不是很习惯,老师就开始各种强调了,填动词看时间,一定要看时间,如果是过去时间,动词要用过去时态,只要把这个习惯扭转过来了,一般过去时还是很好对付的。
最常见的过去时间如:yesterday,last week/month/year,just now,this morning,……ago等等。值得注意的是,动词变过去时一般在后面加ed,特殊的要双写加ed。
3.一般将来时
既然过去时间点的出现要让动词变过去时,那出现了将来的时间,我们自然要用一般将来时,庆幸的是,我们不需要对动词本身这个单词动手脚,只需要用be going to+动词原形或者是will——动词原形就可以了,还有be+to do 表将来的用法等等。
4.一般过去将来时
这个理解起来要结合一般过去时和一般将来时理解了,比如:时间范围定在了过去,但是说的是将要干什么,这个时候要用一般过去将来时,一般用在间接引语里面非常多,直接引语中哪个正常人会这样说话呢?另外就是站在过去的宏观范围内,描述将来的事情,也是可以用的。
5.现在进行时
描述正在做的事情,这个相对来说比较好理解,翻译成汉语肯定会带有“正”字,需要注意的是,很多初学的同学容易漏掉be+doing这个组合中的be动词,一定要记得哦!常见的时间标志词是:now,at +时间点,listen,look等等,这些套路应该在考题中会一眼被识破吧!
6.过去进行时
就是在过去的一个时间点正在做的事,在现在进行时基础上把be动词改为was或were就行了!一般的时间标志是:at that time yesterday,when my father opened the door(脑补画面)
7.将来进行时
比如,你和好友们畅想未来,会不会说:到时候咱们坐在一起喝着酒,聊着天……这个句子就是典型的将来进行时。一般是will be doing的结构!
8.过去将来进行时
“昨天那个点你应该要去睡觉了吧”,这就是典型的过去将来时的场景,描述过去某个时间将要发生的事儿,就在将来进行时的基础上把will变成would就行了!
9.现在完成时
注意一下,have在完成时中是助动词了,后面要跟动词的过去分词现在完成时常见的时间标志词:for+一段时间 ,never,since+过去时间点,already,ever,just等等。
10.过去完成时
过去完成时一定是表示过去的过去,也就是说,句子里面已经有了一个明确的动词过去式,另外在虚拟语气和by+过去时间点 的句子里,常用过去完成时!
11.将来完成时
will have+过去分词的句型,就是在have前面加一个表示将来的情态动词,一般考点是出现在by+将来时间点,要用将来完成时!
12.过去将来完成时
只需要把will变成would,然后加have done,就是过去将来完成时了!一般出现在间接引语,或者是虚拟语气中。
13.现在完成进行时
表示一件事情从过去做到现在,而且还在做。结构是have been+doing,常考的就是I have been learning English for ten years,我学英语十年了,言下之意就是现在还在坚持学!
14.过去完成进行时
把上面的have 变成had就行了,刚刚好说了,过去完成时一定是表示过去的过去,所以当在一个既定的过去时间范畴类表达已完成,可以用该时态,这个时态也一般出现在间接引语和虚拟语气!
15.将来完成进行时
在have前面加一个表示将来的情态动词will就可以了,给个语境,如果我要描述一个人到了明年可能已经学了10年英语了,但是还是会一直学下去,就可以说 he will have been learning English for 10 years by 2019!
16.过去将来完成进行时
只需要把上面的will 改成would就行,一般出现在间接引语和虚拟语气,但是说的又是将来的事儿,举个例子,他昨天说他2019年将要学英语满10年了,he said he would have been learning English for ten years by 2019.
英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:
1.一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
A. He joined the League two years ago.
B. He has been in the League for two years.
C. It is two years since he joined the League.
D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
2.一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
Peter is at work,but Mike is at play.
Peter is working,but Mike is playing.
3.现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
The train is leaving soon.
The train will leave soon.
4.“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换
We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
H. 英语八大时态的表达方式
英语共有十六种时态,较常用的只有八种
1.一般现在时:
主语+do/does(现在分词)
e.g
We
clean
the
room
every
day.
2.一般过去时:
主语+did
e.g
We
cleaned
the
room
just
now.
3.现在进行时:
主语+am/is/are
doing
e.g
We
are
cleaning
the
room
now.
4.过去进行时:
was/were
doing
e.g
We
were
cheaning
the
room
at
5:00
yesterday
afternoon.
5.现在完成时:
have/has
done
e.g.We
have
cleaned
the
room
already.
6.过去完成时:
had
done
e.g
We
had
cleaned
the
room
before
he
arrived.
7.一般将来时:
will
do
/be(am/is/are)
going
to
do
e.g
We
will
clean
the
room
tomorrow.
8.过去将来时:
was/were
to
/would
do
e.g
He
said
he
would
clean
the
room
next.
I. 英语有几种时态分别是什么
英语共有16种时态,分为一般现在时(do),一般过去时(did),一般将来时(will do),现在进行时(is/am/are doing),过去进行时(was/were doing),将来进行时(可与一般将来时换用,will be doing),现在完成时(have/has done)。
过去完成时(had done),发生在一般过去时的动作之前),将来完成时(will have done),现在完成进行时(have/has been doing),过去完成进行时(had been doing),将来完成进行时(will have been doing),过去将来时(would do),过去将来进行时(would be doing),过去将来完成时(would have done),过去将来完成进行时(would have been doing)等。
时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。它是表示行为、动作、状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式,在英语中有16种时态。
在语法里,时或时态表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系。一般分为过去式、现在式、将来式,通常也有与表示动作进行或终止的进行式和完成式等体貌一起相连用的情况。
时态连同语气、语态、体貌和人称为动词形式至少可能能够表现出的5种语法特性。
有些语言,没有时态的使用,如分析语的中文,但必要时,仍有时间副词的辅助。也有些语言,如日文,形容词的词形变化能表达出时间上的资讯,有着类似动词的时态性质。还有些语言,如俄文,一个单词就能表现出时态和体貌。
J. 英语有几种时态各是什么怎样表达
有八大时态
一般现在时:do does
一般过去时:did
一般将来时: will do be going to do
现在进行时: be doing
过去进行时: was/were doing
现在完成时: have/has done
过去完成时: had done
将来完成时; will have done